Kuzindikira komanso kusamala ndi thanki yotentha ya Dewar (botolo)
mpweya umodzi wosungira mpweya wa botolo la 175 l Dewar ndi wofanana ndi wa 28 40 l mapiritsi othamanga kwambiri, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri kuthamanga kwa mayendedwe ndikuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa.
Ntchito

Kapangidwe kapadera ndi ntchito za dewars ndi izi:

Cyl Silinda yakunja: kuphatikiza pakuteteza mbiya yamkati, imapanganso chopumira chophatikizira ndi mbiya yamkati kuti ipewe kutentha kwakunja kwa botolo ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwachilengedwe kwa madzi a cryogenic mu botolo;
Cyl Chitsulo chamkati: Sungani madzi otsika otentha;
③ Vaporizer: kudzera pakusinthana kotentha ndi khoma lamkati la mbiya yakunja, mpweya wamadzi womwe uli mu botolo ungasandulike kukhala gaseous state;
Valve Valavu wamadzi: lowetsani botolo la Dewar kuti mudzaze kapena kutulutsa madzi mu botolo;
Valve Valavu yachitetezo: kuthamanga kwa chotengeracho kukakhala kwakukulu kuposa kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magwiridwe antchito, kuthamanga kumangotulutsidwa zokha, ndipo kuthamanga kotsika kumakhala kocheperako kuposa kuthamanga kwambiri;
Valve Kutulutsa valavu: botolo la Dewar likadzaza ndi madzi, valavu iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mpweya mu gawo la gasi mu botolo, kuti muchepetse kupanikizika kwa botolo, kuti mudzaze madzi mwachangu komanso mosadukiza.

Ntchito ina ndikuti kukakamiza mu botolo la Dewar kupitilira kuthamanga kwakanthawi kogwirira ntchito kapena zinthu zina, valavu itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mpweya mu botolo kuti muchepetse kupanikizika kwa botolo;

Ga Kupima kwazitsulo: kuwonetsa kupanikizika kwamkati wamkati mwa botolo;
Valve Chowonjezera chowongolera: valavu ikatsegulidwa, madzi omwe ali mu botolo amasinthana kutentha ndi khoma lakunja lamkati kudzera pa coil yonyamula kwambiri, kutulutsa mpweya, ndikulowa m'malo ampweya wamagawo kumtunda kwa khoma lamkati lamkati, kuti kukhazikitsa mtundu wina wamagalimoto (kuthamanga kwamkati) yamphamvu, kuti muziyendetsa madzi otentha kwambiri mu botolo;
⑨ Gwiritsani ntchito valavu: imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula njira yolowera m'mapaipi pakati pa Dewar madzi otulutsa mpweya ndi kutha kwa gasi, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa gasi;
Ga Mulingo wamadzi: Mutha kuwonetsa mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa madzi mu chidebecho, ndipo malo oyikirako ayenera kukhala oyenera kuti oyang'anira azisunga ndikukonzanso.

Pangani

Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kazitsulo zazitsulo zamkati ndi zakunja zamabotolo zidagawika m'magawo awiri, zomwe zimafotokozedwera mwachidule pagulu lanyumba pamsonkhano. Mtundu woyambira ndi motere:

Cylinder yamkati

Kuyang'ana pamutu (makonda akunja) - kuwotcherera msonkhano wamutu wamutu (chojambulira cha argon arc) - kutumizira kumalo osungira thupi (matayala azinthu) - Kuyendera mbale yolemera (kukonza kwakunja kapena kudzipangira) - kuzikuta (3-axis makina ogubudulira mbale, okhala ndi gawo laling'ono lopindika) - kutumiza kumalo otsekemera a msoko (zinthu zakutchire) - kotenga msoko kotenthetsera (TIG, MIG kapena plasma kuwotcherera, kutengera mtundu wamphamvu yamphamvu ndipo Khoma limakhazikika) - izo imatumizidwa kumalo osanjikizira ndi mutu (trolley yazinthu) - kuwotcherera kozungulira (kutchinga ndikulowetsa, kuwotcherera kwa MIG) - kutumiza thupi lamphamvu (nsanja yodzigudubuza) kuchokera mbali ina ya woyendetsa - kuyeretsa ndi kukanikiza kuyang'anira - kuyika ndiyotembenukira pagalimoto - kukulunga chingwe chosungunulira (zida zapadera zotsekera) - kusonkhana ndi silinda yakunja (yowongoka ndi yakunja pazoyimira makina oyendetsa)

Silinda yakunja

Kutalika kwa mbale (kukonza kwakunja kapena kudzipangira nokha) - bwalo loyenda (makina atatu oyendetsa mbale, okhala ndi gawo laling'ono lolunjika) - kutumiza kumalo otsekemera a msoko (zakutchire zakuthupi) - msoko wa kotenga nthawi zonse (TIG, MIG kapena plasma Njira zowotcherera, zotsimikizika malinga ndi silinda ndi makulidwe amipanda) - kutumiza kumalo okonzera kuwotcherera msonkhano ndi mutu (zinthu zakutchire) - kuwotcherera kozungulira mozungulira (kutseka kolowera, kutsekemera kwa MIG) - kuchokera pantchito Wolemba adamaliza kutsekemera kwa silinda wina woperekera (wodzigudubuza patebulo) - kozizira wozizira wamkati wamkati wowotcherera (gasi wowotcherera) - uyikeni pagalimoto yotembenukira - ndikusonkhana ndi silinda wamkati (ofukula mpaka thupi lamphamvu lakunja pamalo okwerera makina oyenda)

Zomaliza zapangidwe kazitsulo zamkati ndi zakunja

Chojambulira chomwe chidasonkhanitsidwa chimayikidwa ndi mutu wakunja - kuwotcherera kwa girth (MIG kuwotcherera) - kuyikidwa potembenuza trolley - kumasulira chogwirira ntchitoyo kukhala lamba wonyamula wopingasa - kuwotchera cholumikizira chakunja ndi chogwirira cha mutu wamphamvu (Buku la Argon welding arc) - Kuyendera kowunikira

Kulongedza ndi kusungira

Kwa zotengera zazikulu za cryogenic, mzere wazinthu ndi kuwotcherera kwakutali kumatenthedwa pamzere womwewo, ndipo ma trolley oyendetsa katundu, kuwotcherera kotenga nthawi yayitali, kuwotcherera kozizira kozizira kuzizira pakhoma lamkati la silinda yakunja, kupukuta mbiya ndikuwunika, etc., atsimikiza molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili pakupanga. Nthawi zambiri, njirayi ndi motere:

Kuyesa kwazitsulo zazitsulo - kusunthira pamagudumu - kukweza malo oyamwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito - kudyetsa ndi kugubuduza - kuchotsa thupi lamphamvu - kuwotcherera msoko kotenga nthawi yayitali (kugwiritsa ntchito plasma kapena kuwotcherera kwa MIG) - kutuluka panja pa malo osanjikiza akutali (mkati yamphamvu yokutidwa ndi makina otentha otsekemera, ndipo cholembera chakunja chimangotenthedwa ndimakina oziziritsa amkuwa) - msonkhano wamutu - kuwotcherera girth - kumaliza mkati ndi kunja kwamoto wowotcherera msonkhano - Kupukuta khoma lakunja m'chipinda chotsekera kupukutira - kuyendera Kuyendera kwa kutayikira - kuyika ndi kusunga.

chitetezo

Nthawi zambiri, botolo la Dewar limakhala ndi mavavu anayi, omwe ndi ma valve ogwiritsira ntchito madzi, valavu yogwiritsa ntchito gasi, valavu yotulutsa mpweya ndi valavu yolimbikitsira. Kuphatikiza apo, pali gauge yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi gauge yamafuta amadzi. Botolo la Dewar sikuti limangopatsidwa valavu yachitetezo, komanso ndi disc yophulika [6]. Kuthamanga kwa gasi mu silinda kupitilira kuthamanga kwa valavu yachitetezo, valavu yachitetezo imangodumpha ndikungotulutsa ndikuzimitsa mavuto. Valavu yachitetezo ikalephera kapena silinda yawonongeka mwangozi, kuthamanga kwa silinda kumakwera kwambiri pamlingo winawake, mbale yolimbirana yophulika imangoduka zokha, ndipo kuthamanga kwa silinda kumachepetsedwa kukhala kupsinjika kwam'mlengalenga munthawi yake. Mabotolo a Dewar amasunga mpweya wamankhwala wamankhwala, womwe umakulitsa kwambiri kusungira mpweya.

Pali njira ziwiri zogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo a Dewar

(1) Dewar botolo la gasi wogwiritsa ntchito botolo: gwirizanitsani kumapeto kwa payipi yayikulu kwambiri yazitsulo ku Dewar botolo logwiritsira ntchito gasi ndi kumapeto kwina kochuluka. Tsegulani valavu yowonjezera poyamba, kenako pang'onopang'ono tsegula valavu yogwiritsa ntchito gasi, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zipatala zambiri zimangogwiritsa ntchito valavu yamagesi kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira za gasi.
(2) Dewar botolo lamadzi logwiritsira ntchito valavu, pogwiritsa ntchito payipi yothamanga kwambiri yolumikizira payipi ya botolo yamadzi ya Dewar ndi vaporizer, kukula kwa vaporizer kumakonzedwa malinga ndi gasi, chitoliro chachitsulo chosanjikiza chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula mpweya, ndi valavu yothandizira, valavu yachitetezo ndi kuyeza kwamagetsi zimayikidwa pa payipi kuti ziziwongolera chitetezo cha gasi, chomwe sichimangothandiza kukhazikika ndikugwiritsanso ntchito gasi, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito botolo la Dewar, onetsetsani kuti kulumikizana kuli bwino, kenako tsegulani valavu yogwiritsira ntchito madzi. Ngati kuthamanga kwa gasi sikungakwaniritse zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito, tsegulirani valavu yolimbikitsira, dikirani mphindi zochepa, kukakamizidwa kudzauka ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira.